By Joe Liang
We can add a drop shadow to any HTML element using the CSS property box-shadow. Here's how.
##Adding a Basic Drop Shadow
Let's first set up some basic HTML elements to add our drop shadows to:
```html
Then add some basic CSS:
```css p { padding: 10px; } .box { padding: 20px; width: 50%; margin: 30px auto; background: #000; color: #fff; }
The result is just three black boxes that will be easy for us to add drop shadows to by calling their unique id's:
HTML elements setup
To add a basic drop shadow, let's use the box-shadow property on the Box 1:
```css / offset-x | offset-y | color /
#box1 { box-shadow: 6px 12px yellow; }
Adding a basic drop shadow to Box 1
We have 3 parameters here. The first 2 are, respectively, the x-offset and y-offset. They set the location of the drop shadow.
The offset is relative to the origin, which in HTML is always the top left corner of an element. A positive x-offset will move the shadow to the right, and a positive y-offset will move the shadow downwards.
The third parameter is the color of your drop shadow.
Keep in mind that although we used <div> elements here, the box-shadow property can be applied to any other HTML element as well.
##Adding a Blur Radius
If we want the shadow to look a little more realistic, we will want to experiment with the blur-radius parameter.
This parameter controls how much to blur the shadow such that it becomes bigger and lighter. Let's apply it to Box 2:
```css / offset-x | offset-y | blur-radius | color /
#box2 { box-shadow: 6px 12px 4px red; }
Adding a blur radius to Box 2
The value of 4px sets the radius of the blur to apply to our drop shadow.
##Adding a Spread Radius
If we want to control the size of the shadow, we can use the spread-radius parameter which controls how much a shadow grows or shrinks.
Let's add a spread radius of 8px to Box 2:
```css / offset-x | offset-y | blur-radius | spread-radius | color /
#box2 { box-shadow: 6px 12px 4px 8px red; }
Adding a spread radius in addition to a blur to Box 2
Remember the order of these parameters!
##Combining Multiple Shadows in a Single Property
If we want to get fancy, we can add multiple drop shadows to an element using a single box-shadow property.
Let's do that with Box 3 by simultaneously adding a blue and green drop shadow:
```css / Any number of shadows, separated by commas /
#box3 { box-shadow: 6px 12px 2px 2px blue, -6px -12px 2px 2px green; }
Adding multiple drop shadows to Box 3
##Bonus: Create an Inset Shadow
While it will not create a drop shadow, the inset parameter can also be used with the box-shadow property.
As the name suggests, this parameter creates an inset shadow (i.e. shadow inside a box).
The inset parameter can be placed either at the beginning or the end of the
box-shadow property. Here we demonstrate its use with a blockquote element.
HTML:
```html
The key to success is to start before you're ready.— Marie Forleo
CSS:
```css blockquote { width: 50%; margin: 50px auto; padding: 20px; font-size: 24px; box-shadow: inset 10px 5px black; }
Create an inset shadow
Of course you can add some blur and spread to enhance the shadow, or even multiple shadows:
```css box-shadow: inset 10px 5px 25px 5px black, 5px 5px 12px 2px black;
Inset shadow combined with drop shadow
With the box-shadow property, we can easily make elements on a web page stand out to create a nice 3D lighting effect.
If you want to do some experimenting yourself, here's a code pen I created with the examples used in this tutorial.
Play around and see what you can come up with!
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