When creating a program, you may need to get numerical input from users and perform various mathematical operations on the value.
Similarly, there are cases where you might want to perform mathematical operations on string values.
In both cases, the values returned are strings so we cannot perform mathematical operations with them as this will throw an error our way.
In this article, we'll see how to convert a string to an integer in Python with some examples.
How to Convert a String to Int in Python
In Python, we can use the built in int()
function to convert strings to integers. Here is what the syntax looks like:
int(string_value)
So we pass the string to be converted as an argument in the int()
function. That's it!
Here is an example to help you understand:
userAge = "10"
print(userAge + 8)
# TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "int") to str
In the example above, we are adding 8 to the userAge
variable which is a string – but this shows an error because the interpreter assumes we are trying to add (concatenate) two strings.
Now let's convert the variable to an integer and perform the same operation:
userAge = "10"
convertUserAge = int(userAge)
print(convertUserAge + 8)
# 18
We converted the userAge
variable and stored it in a variable called convertUserAge
and then performed our operation again to get the expected result.
In the next example, similar to the last one, we will get a user's input and perform some calculations to display their age.
from datetime import date
currentDate = date.today()
currentYear = currentDate.year
userBirthYear = input("What is your birth year?")
convertUserBirthYear = int(userBirthYear)
userAge = currentYear - convertUserBirthYear
print(userAge)
In the code above, we first imported the date
class from the datetime
module. With this, we were able to get and store the current year in a variable.
We then requested the user's birth year: userBirthYear = input("What is your birth year?")
After that we converted the user's birth year (which was returned to us as a string) to an integer using the int()
function. With the integer value, we were able to subtract the user's birth year from the current year to get and print their actual age.
You can copy the code and play around with it.
Conclusion
In this article, we learned how to convert strings to integers in Python. We first saw an example where we had to use the int()
function to convert a string to an integer and perform a simple operation with the value.
In the second example, we got an input from a user, converted it to an integer, and then performed our mathematical operation to print their current age.
Thank you for reading and happy coding!